A Review on Aggregation Approaches of Distributed Energy Resources
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34630/neutroaterra.vi32.5543Palavras-chave:
Aggregator, Demand Response, Distributed Energy Resources, Energy storage, Load AggregatorResumo
With the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) into the grid, the power system has suffered some changes to become more sustainable, flexible, and cost-effective. For this reason, a need for new ways of operating the power system is emerging. The control of DER such as PV power, controllable load, demand response (DR) programs, energy storage units, and electric vehicles will facilitate their integration by balancing operations in the electricity grid. The increase of DER is stressing the distributed nature of power systems, in terms of equipment and in terms of management and control. So, new entities such as aggregators are acting as mediators between end- users and grid operators to facilitate the management and control of the power system. This paper makes a review of different aggregation approaches that can be applied for the integration of the DER in the electric power system, based on recent literature. It focuses on the role of DR aggregators, load aggregators, and energy storage aggregators, and the concepts related to each of these topics are covered.
Referências
G. Xu, W. Yu, D. Griffith, N. Golmie and P. Moulema, "Toward Integrating Distributed Energy Resources and Storage Devices in Smart Grid," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 192-204, Feb. 2017, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2016.2640563.
Carreiro, A. M., Jorge, H. M., and Antunes, C. H., "Energy management systems aggregators: A literature survey", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 73, 1160–1172, 2017,doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.179
B. Liang, W. Liu, L. Sun, Z. He and B. Hou, "An Aggregated Model for Energy Management Considering Crowdsourcing Behaviors of Distributed Energy Resources," in IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 145757-145766, 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2945288.
B. Celik, S. Suryanarayanan, R. Roche and T. M. Hansen, "Quantifying the Impact of Solar Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Assets on the Performance of a Residential Energy Aggregator," in IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 405-414, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1109/TSTE.2019.2892603.
D. E. M. Bondy, K. Heussen, O. Gehrke and A. Thavlov, "A functional reference architecture for aggregators," 2015 IEEE 20th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA), Luxembourg, 2015, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ETFA.2015.7301638.
Vale, Zita A.. 2009. "Intelligent Power System". In Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering, 1604- 1613. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. doi: 10.1002/9780470050118.ecse196.
L. Gkatzikis, I. Koutsopoulos and T. Salonidis, "The Role of Aggregators in Smart Grid Demand Response Markets," in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 1247-1257, July 2013, doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2013.130708.
R. Moreno, H. R. Chamorro and S. M. Izadkhast, "A framework for the energy aggregator model," 2013 Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA), Bogota, 2013, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/PEPQA.2013.6614965.
C. V. Chandran, M. Basu and K. Sunderland, "Demand Response and Consumer Inconvenience," 2019 International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST), Porto, Portugal, 2019, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/SEST.2019.8849062.
S. Feuerriegel and D. Neumann, "Measuring the financial impact of demand response for electricity retailers", Energy Policy, vol. 65, pp. 359–368, February 2014, doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2013.10.012.
S. Chen, Q. Chen and Y. Xu, "Strategic Bidding and Compensation Mechanism for a Load Aggregator With Direct Thermostat Control Capabilities," in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 2327-2336, May 2018, doi: 10.1109/TSG.2016.2611611.
J. Zhang, P. Zhang, H. Wu, X. Qi, S. Yang and Z. Li, "Two-stage load-scheduling model for the incentive-based demand response of industrial users considering load aggregators," in IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 12, no. 14, pp. 3518-3526, 14 8 2018, doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.0089.
X. Zhou, J. Shi and S. Li, "Optimal control strategy of load aggregators with demand response," in The Journal of Engineering, vol. 2019, no. 16, pp. 1033-1036, 3 2019, doi: 10.1049/joe.2018.8797.
Y. Xu and C. Singh, "Operation strategies of the load aggregator with electric energy storage," 2012 IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON), Auckland, 2012, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/PowerCon.2012.6401254.
Y. Xu, L. Xie and C. Singh, "Optimal scheduling and operation of load aggregators with electric energy storage facing price and demand uncertainties," 2011 North American Power Symposium, Boston, MA, 2011, pp. 1-7, doi: 10.1109/NAPS.2011.6024888.
X. Wang, Y. Gong, "Air conditioner fast dispatching model based on load aggregator and direct load control", The Journal of Engineering, 2017(13), 2535–2538. doi:10.1049/joe.2017.0784.
Yixing Xu, Le Xie and Chanan Singh, "Optimal scheduling and operation of load aggregator with electric energy storage in power markets," North American Power Symposium 2010, Arlington, TX, 2010, pp. 1-7, doi: 10.1109/NAPS.2010.5619601.
S. Salman, A. Xin, A. Masood and M. Ullah Jan, "Overview of Storage System and EV Aggregation Charging Behavior in Energy Market," 2018 2nd IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2), Beijing, 2018, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/EI2.2018.8582279.
I. Kim and D. Kim, "Pricing-based shared energy storage optimization for residential users with photovoltaic generation system and demand-side load management," 2019 Eleventh International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN), Zagreb, Croatia, 2019, pp. 466-471, doi: 10.1109/ICUFN.2019.8806069.
J. E. Contreras-Ocaña, M. A. Ortega-Vazquez and B. Zhang, "Participation of an Energy Storage Aggregator in Electricity Markets," in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1171-1183, March 2019, doi: 10.1109/TSG.2017.2736787.
J. Li, Z. Wu, S. Zhou, H. Fu and X. Zhang, "Aggregator service for PV and battery energy storage systems of residential building," in CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 3-11, Dec. 2015, doi: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2015.00042.
K. Yuan, Y. Song, Y. Zhang, Z. Huang, C. Sun and Z. Xing, "An Energy Storage Capacity Determination Model of Electric Vehicle Aggregator Considering the Real-Time Response State," 2018 IEEE International Conference on Energy Internet (ICEI), Beijing, 2018, pp. 123-127, doi: 10.1109/ICEI.2018.00030.
I. Pavić, T. Capuder and H. Pandžić, "Profit margin of electric vehicle battery aggregator," 2018 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON), Limassol, 2018, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2018.8398790.
J. Clairand, J. Rodríguez-García and C. Álvarez-Bel, "Smart Charging for Electric Vehicle Aggregators Considering Users’ Preferences," in IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 54624-54635, 2018, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2872725.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 Neutro à Terra
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-CompartilhaIgual 4.0.
